1) ULI-ssDRIP-seq has been developed to detect R-loops from ultra-micro samples, which for the first time reduced the number of cells to 1,000 and can also boosts the resolution to near-single-nucleotide level. With this tool, we profiled R-loop landscapes during early embryogenesis in sperm, muscle, and 4-cell, 256-cell, dome/sphere stage embryos of zebrafish, which fills the gap in the multi-omics study of vertebrate embryos and demonstrates the biological functions of R-loops during zygotic genome activation (ZGA).

2) We developed a high-throughput R-loop sequencing technology mDRIP-seq based on ULI-ssDRIP-seq technology, which exponentially improves the library construction throughput while completely retaining the advantages of the original technology, dramatically reduces the cost and time-consumption of experiments. Based on this method, our team completed the quantitative mapping of multi-species R-loop from E. coli  to human cell lines. The development of mDRIP-seq makes it possible to build R-loop atlas in large-scale populations.