动物基因组研究中心

动物基因组研究中心

Research Center for AnimalGenomics

　　

中心简介/ Introduction

　　中心围绕我国农业畜禽种源的关键核心问题，针对畜禽品种生产性能低下、抗病力差以及饲料短缺等现状，以高通量多组学、基因编辑和基因组选择等技术为基础，解析农业动物重要经济性状的遗传基础，挖掘我国优质畜牧种质资源，开发新型育种技术，创新饲养模式，加速禽畜种质创新。为实现国产节粮抗病新品种/配套系的快速选育，畜牧产业健康可持续发展提供新的研究手段和发展思路。

　　We are dedicated to solving the critical issues of livestock and poultry germplasm in China,including low production performance,poor disease resistance and feed shortage.Using high-throughput multi-Omics approach- es,gene editing technology and genome selection,our center will analyze the genetic basis underlying important economic traits of agricultural animals, explore and exploit Chinese local livestock resources,develop new breeding technologies,innovate the mode of feeding.and accelerate the innovation of livestock germplasm.We aim to innovate research methodologies and devel- opmental rationale to rapidly breed domestic pigs with high feed convertion ratio and disease resistance.and to benefit the healthy and sustainable development of animal husbandry industry.

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　　人员组成 / Personnel Structure

　　动物基因组研究中心现有中国农科院创新团队3个、课题组6个，国家重大人才计划入选者3人，深圳市国家级领军人才1名，深圳市海外高层次人才4名，中心现有成员共计54人，其中博士生导师6名，研究员6名，博士后9名，研究生21名。

　　The center consists of two innovation groups of CAAS and four labs. Among the 54 team members, one person awarded “National Thousand Talent Program”, three have received the National Key Project Fund from NSFC, one have received the National Leading Personnel in Shenzhen, and four have received the Overseas High-level Talents in Shenzhen. The team includes six doctoral advisors, six research professors, and nine post-doctoral, 21 graduate students.

创新团队 / Innovation groups of CAAS

　　猪基因组设计育种创新团队

　　Pig genome design and breeding innovation team

　　动物功能基因组学创新团队

　　Animal Functional Genomics Innovation Team

　　动物表观基因组学创新团队

　　Animal Epigenomics Group (AEG)

　　

　　课题组 / Labs

　　唐中林课题组 / Tang Zhonglin Lab

　　左二伟课题组 / Zuo Erwei Lab

　　Yuwen Liu课题组 / Liu Yuwen Lab

　　易国强课题组 / Yi Guoqiang Lab

　　Zhang Yubo 课题组 / Zhang Yubo Lab

　　高  飞课题组 / Gao Fei Lab

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　　任务目标 / Objectives

　　动物基因组研究中心将综合运用多组学技术、基因组选择和基因组编辑等手段，阐明猪等动物重要组织器官发育和经济性状形成的遗传和表观遗传机理；开展猪等动物的遗传改良和种质创新，为畜牧生产提供优良种质；研究环境因子对动物的表观遗传效应；解决畜牧业可持续发展中的遗传育种关键问题，并为人类医学研究提供动物模型。此外，中心将开发基因溯源技术，为粤港澳大湾区的动物源性食品安全提供保障。

　　The Animal Genome Research Center will use multi-omics techniques, genome selection and genome editing to elucidate the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the development of important organs and economic traits in pigs and other animals; Develop genetic improvement and carry out new material creation and breed improvement in pigs and other livestock animals; Study the epigenetic effects of environmental factors on animals; Solve the key problems of genetic breeding in the sustainable development of pig industry, and provide animal models for human medical research. In addition, the Center will develop DNA tracing technology to ensure the quality and safety of food of animal originin the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area.

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研究方向 / Research Areas

　　（1）利用多元组学整合手段，解析猪等动物的经济性状形成遗传基础和挖掘重要候选基因和分子标记；

        Integrate multi-omics methods to understand the genetic basis of economic traits of pigs and other livestock animals and identify important candidate genes and molecular marks for genetic breeding;

　　（2）发展全基因组选择和基因组编辑技术，开展猪的遗传改良和种质创新，创制医用重要疾病模型猪；

        Develop genomic selection and genome editing technologies, carry out breed innovation and genetic improvement in pigs, and create disease model pigs for medical research;

　　（3）构建脊椎动物的三维转录调控网络，大规模筛选并验证转录调控元件，阐明关键基因和非编码RNA功能；

          Construct three-dimensional transcriptional regulatory networks of vertebrates, screen for and verify transcriptional regulatory elements on a large scale, and elucidate the functions of key genes and non-coding RNAs;

　　（4）构筑仔猪营养、微生物与表观基因组研究模型系统，解析菌群、营养素等环境因子对动物发育与疾病发生的表观遗传效应；

         Construct model systems for piglet nutrition, microbial and epigenomics research; analyze the epigenetic effects of environmental factors such as flora and nutrients on animal development and disease;

　　（5）开发基因溯源等技术体系，保障动物源性食品安全。

        Develop technology systems, such as DNA tracing to ensure animal-derived food safety.

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研究成果 / Research Results

良猪计划 / A+ Pig Program (APP)

　　我国是世界上最大的生猪养殖和猪肉消费国。“良猪计划”主要针对优良种猪培育和猪肉产品安全等两大产业问题，以组学技术为核心，围绕“良种猪、放心肉”两个目标，实现优良种猪国产化、生猪及产品的精准溯源，为我国生猪养殖可持续发展和猪肉食品安全提供保障。通过项目实施，将在猪重要经济性状形成机制的理论上取得重大突破，建立全基因组选择和基因组编辑两大技术体系，实现对每头生猪及产品的精准溯源。

　　China is the world's largest pig farming and pork consumer. The “A+ Pig Program” is mainly aimed at the two major industrial issues of excellent breeding pig breeding and pork product safety. With the core of Omics technology, it focuses on the two goals of “great breeding pigs and safety pork” to achieve the localization of fine breeding pigs and the precision of pigs and products Tracing to the source provides a guarantee for the sustainable development of pig farming and pork food safety in China. Through the implementation of the project, major breakthroughs will be made in the theory of the important economic trait formation mechanism of pigs. Established two major technical systems for whole genome selection and genome editing to achieve precise traceability for each pig and product.

研究基于深度学习算法优化序列特异性的C-o-G单碱基编辑器

左二伟团队与中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心孙怡迪团队合作开发了高效率、高保真的新型OPT-CGBEs并建立机器学习模型CGBE-SMART。该研究成果将进一步加速CGBE的应用研究，为科研人员提供更高效、脱靶率低的基因编辑工具。

揭示中外猪种产肉性状差异遗传机制

采用比较发育遗传学方法揭示了中国地方猪和西方瘦肉型猪在产肉性状及骨骼肌生长发育中的差异分子调控机制，结合全基因组变异分析，鉴定得到多个调控猪产肉性状的关键编码基因和非编码基因，为猪的分子设计育种提供了重要理论依据。相关成果发表在《公共科学图书馆：遗传学(PLoS Genetics)》。发明专利“与猪免疫性状相关的蛋白及其编码基因和应用”获得第二十二届中国发明专利优秀奖。

开发了一种命名为CRISPR-actcov的活性SARS-CoV-2检测策略

通过检测SARS-CoV-2的亚基因组，开发了一种命名为CRISPR-actcov的活性SARS-CoV-2检测策略。CRISPR-actcov利用CRISPR/Cas12辅助荧光报告系统，可进行快速、高特异性、肉眼可见的核酸检测，该方法为快速准确检测活性病毒提供了一种可选方法，对更好地应对流行病具有重要意义。

开发猪繁殖呼吸综合征快速检测新技术

猪基因组设计育种创新团队首次创建了“一管式”快速检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRSV)的荧光检测技术，可以在25分钟内精准检测出PRRSV.高灵敏性荧光检测技术基于CRISPR-Cas12a,具有简便、精准、快速、低成本等优点，可用于PRRSV等各种相关病毒的快速检测。相关成果发表在《ACS合成生物学(ACS Synthetic Biology)》杂志上，并被选为同期封面文章。

鉴定未知RNA新策略

该方法能挖掘unmapped RNA-seq数据中的有效信息，并调取其全长，可挖掘在RNA-Seq分析中通常被忽略的有效的unmapped reads信息，并且结合特异性反转录引物及二代测序调取其全长序列，为鉴定未知RNA提供一种新的策略，提高了RNA-Seq数据的利用效率。

构建了基于超低覆盖度测序和深度学习的基因组选择平台

该平台通过改良的基因型检测方法，达到低成本获取动植物个体全基因组信息，通过基因组信息，结合深度学习去预测动植物表型，从而选育表型更优的品种。BT+T协同创新，降低育种成本，提高育种效率。

 

动物基因组研究中心更新于2022年10月