生态基因组研究中心

生态基因组研究中心

The Ecological Genomics Research Center

中心简介/Introduction

　　多组学驱动生态绿色防控

中心利用多组学技术手段，聚焦于研究主要农业有害生物、入侵生物等的致害性进化及其与寄主互作的分子机制，旨在挖掘针对主要有害生物的绿色防控分子靶标及其所危害的作物基因组中的抗性遗传位点，从而建立重大有害生物预警、监测与防控体系，并研发基于绿色防控的新产品。初步形成集上游（组学大数据）+中游（防控新技术）+下游（应用新产品）于一体的全链条绿色防控体系，为保障国家粮食安全和粤港澳大湾区生态可持续发展贡献力量。

　　Promoting Major Pests Green Prevention And Control Based On Multi-omics Technology

Through application of multi-omics technologies,the Ecological Genomics Center focuses on studying the genomic basis of harmfulness and invasiveness of major agriculture pests and pathogens,and the molec- ular mechanism of pest-host and pathogen-host interactions.Research at the Center is designed to identify molecular targets for sustainable pest and pathogen control,as well as inheritable resistance-related genetic elements in crop genomes.Through these efforts,the Center aims to estab- lish integrative and eco-friendly warning-monitoring-management systems.and to develop sustainable pest management methods and products to support national food security and sustainable development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

　　

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人员组成/People structure

　　中心现有农科院创新团队2个、课题组6个，“973”计划首席科学家1名，国家重大人才工程入选者5名，农科院“青年英才”入选者2名，深圳市国家级领军人才3名。共有人员52人，其中研究员6人，博士后20人，研究生11人，特聘外籍专家3人。

　　The center currently consists of two CAAS innovation groups, including six research labs. One chief scientist of the 973 Program, five recipients of the National Science Fund , two "CAAS Outstanding Young Talent", and three "Shenzhen High-level Talent". There are 52 people in the Ecological Genomics Research Center. Among them, there are 6 researchers, 20 postdoctoral fellows, 11 graduate students and 3 foreign experts.

创新团队 / Innovation Groups of CAAS

　　农业昆虫基因组学创新团队

　　Agricultural Insect Genomics Innovation Group

　　农业宏（环境）基因组学创新团队

　　Agricultural Metagenomics Innovation Group

　　

　　课题组 / Labs

王桂荣课题组 / Wang Guirong Lab

　　萧玉涛课题组 / Xiao Yutao Lab

杨青课题组 / Yang Qing Lab

　　樊伟课题组 / Fan Wei Lab

　　万方浩、钱万强课题组 / Wan Fanghao Lab

　　周绍群课题组 / Zhou Shaoqun Lab

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任务目标/Objectives

　　中心主要以基因组学和宏基因组学为技术支撑，解决制约农业发展的病虫害、面源污染、入侵生物等农田、自然生态问题，促进人类农业生产和经济社会的可持续性发展，为国家现代农业提供技术支撑。中心正逐步开展“E盾计划”，包括“1000种重要入侵物种基因组计划”和“TOP1000昆虫基因组计划”等重大命题。

　　Using genomics and metagenomics as the main techniques, to solve the problems of pests and diseases, non-point source pollution, invasive organisms and other farmland and natural ecology that restrict agricultural development. Promote the sustainable development of human agricultural production and social economy, and provide technical support for national modern agriculture. The centre is gradually carrying out the "E-shield Project", including "1000 Important Invasive Species Genome Project", "TOP1000 Insect Genome Project", and other major projects.

　　

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研究方向/Research Areas

　　1、农业昆虫基因组学：植物-害虫-微生物互作分子生态机制，农业害虫嗅觉识别机理，昆虫变态发育调控机理，研发绿色防控技术，推动农业绿色发展；

　　Agricultural insect genomics: Molecular ecological mechanism of plant-pest-microorganism interactions. Olfactory recognition mechanism of agricultural pests. Regulation mechanism of insect metamorphosis and development. Develop green prevention and control technology to promote the green development of agriculture;

　　2、农业宏基因组学：农作物土壤、畜禽肠道微生物代谢机制，设计菌肥，开发新型环境监控技术，保障食品安全；

　　Agricultural metagenomics: Metabolic mechanism of microorganisms in crop soil and intestinal tract of livestock and poultry. Design bacterial fertilizer and develop new environmental monitoring technology to ensure food safety;

　　3、入侵生物基因组学：入侵生物暴发及环境适应性机理，探索快速鉴定和生物防治技术，维护生态安全。

　　Invasive biogenomics: Outbreak mechanism and environmental adaptability mechanism of invasive organisms. Explore rapid identification and biological control technology to maintain ecological security.

　　

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研究成果/Research Results

农业害虫嗅觉编码的神经和分子机理研究

系统研究了重大农业害虫棉铃虫的气味受体基因家族的功能，首次全面解析了棉铃虫识别寄主挥发物的嗅觉功能图谱；揭示了鳞翅目昆虫通过嗅觉与被子植物协同进化的新机制，为发展对多种鳞翅目害虫高效的绿色防控技术提供了新的分子靶标。该成果作为封面文章发表在生物进化权威期刊《MolecularBiology and Evolution》上。

This study systematically reported the global function of the odorant receptor (OR)family in the major agricultural pest cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera,and for the first time generated the global function map of the odorant receptors for coding host-plant volatiles.On this basis,further reveal a new mechanism of olfactory mediated co-evolution between lepidopteran insects and angiosperms.and also provides new molec- ular targets for the development of efficient and eco-friendly technology against various lepidopteran pests. This work was selected for the cover story published on the journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution.

Bt靶标害虫抗药性演化机制研究

Bt靶标害虫抗药性演化机制研究发现了一种在棉铃虫中广泛存在的新的共生病毒HDV2,该病毒通过调控免疫通路的相关基因使棉铃虫获得较高的适合度及Bt耐受能力，表明棉铃虫可以借助微生物对Bt进行有效抵御。该结果对发展害虫防治新理论和新方法具有重要科学意义。

A novel symbiotic virus.HaDV2,has been discovered to be widespread in Helicoverpa armigera.Thevirus can make the H.armigera acquire high fitness benifit and Bt tolerance by regulating genes relatedimmune pathways,demonstrating that the H.armigera can effectively resist Bt with the help of microor-ganisms.The result has significant scientific effects on the development of novel pest managementtheories and approaches.

植物特异化代谢调控通路应用于植物抗虫的策略

植物特异化代谢调控通路应用于植物抗虫的策略概还了当前利用植物特异化代谢物进行抗虫基因工程改造的实例，并由此总结提出了四种可行的代谢改造技术路线。同时，总结了当前植物代谢基因工程中存在的主要科学问题与技术瓶颈，并展望了该领域进一步发展所需的关键科学进展与赋能技术。

This prospective review provides an overview of the current examples of enhancing crop insect resistancethrough metabolic engineering.and proposed four potentially viable routes for future endeavors in this field.Italso summarized major scientific questions and technical bottlenecks in plant metabolic engineering.andidentified the current scientific progress and technological development that would enable the further advanceof the metabolic engineering approach for enhanced insect resistance in crop species.

　　

 

生态基因组研究中心更新于2022年10月